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Full Citation in the ACM Digital Library<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\nSESSION: Posters<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n ChatGPT in Healthcare: Exploring AI Chatbot for Spontaneous Word Retrieval in Aphasia<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Aditya kumar Purohit,Aditya Upadhyaya,Adrian Holzer<\/p>\n\n\n\n Having a word on the tip of one\u2019s tongue can be frustrating. Individuals with a language disorder like aphasia, however, face this experience regularly, making it both stressful and debilitating. Large language models, such as ChatGPT, have been gaining traction in healthcare recently. They could enable digital voice assistants to help people find what they want to say during a conversation. However, research on the topic is still not mature. Our study aims at providing a first exploration of the potential use of LLMs for aphasia. Specifically, we aim to examine whether ChatGPT can aid in word retrieval in aphasia. In our study, ChatGPT is tested on real-life speech samples of people with aphasia using the AphasiaBank corpus. Additionally, we investigate whether ChatGPT can utilize politeness strategies. We found ChatGPT to be accurate in identifying the intended word 91.67% of the time as well as successful in incorporating politeness strategies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n NBGuru: Generating Explorable Data Science Flowcharts to Facilitate Asynchronous Communication in Interdisciplinary Data Science Teams<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Panayu Keelawat<\/p>\n\n\n\n Data scientists typically work with domain experts in a Data Science (DS) project, resulting in knowledge gaps between roles. Communication holds an immense and difficult workload due to the complicated content, limited meeting time, vast audience backgrounds, etc. Thus, it is almost impossible to build a common ground within the team. Taking a step back, flowcharts and program descriptions have shown to help programmers learn algorithms. However, drawing a flowchart or writing a description takes time and effort. The novel AI-powered search engines can generate elaborate grounded responses with citations. It is then possible to generate flowcharts with text descriptions from code. Therefore, we studied 92 DS flowcharts and 173 code descriptions from top-voted Kaggle notebooks. We propose NBGuru, a flowchart-based communication tool. Users can explore computation steps asynchronously with generated texts and citations. Furthermore, we also discuss the possibility of AI in other collaborative roles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n An Exploratory Study of Shared Decision-Making (SDM) for Older Adult Patients with Chronic Diseases<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Yuexing Hao,Zeyu Liu,Monika Safford,Rulla Tamimi,Saleh Kalantari<\/p>\n\n\n\n Shared decision-making (SDM) is a central feature of clinical practice guidelines, and it is a key way to improve long-term communication and relationships between older adult patients and physicians. Previous studies have found that patients\u2019 engagement in decision-making is closely associated with patient satisfaction and with improved treatment outcomes. However, medical decision-making can be complex. Healthcare often requires decisions that are time-sensitive, and when confronted with multiple possible treatments it is necessary to carefully assess the impact of each treatment on health outcomes and to consider potential harms as well as benefits. Effective communication tools can be useful for conducting this assessment in a shared fashion. In the current project, we conducted interviews with 12 participants, including seven older adults with chronic diseases and five clinicians who work with this patient population, with the goal of better understanding both groups\u2019 perspectives and needs in the clinical setting. The interviews focused on the potential benefits that can be derived from an SDM-based technological platform, and the findings can be useful in the future design of such a platform.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cAfter she fell asleep, it went to my next podcast, which was about a serial killer\u201d: Unveiling Needs and Expectations Regarding Parental Control within Digital Assistant<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Prakriti Dumaru,Mahdi Nasrullah Al-Ameen<\/p>\n\n\n\n Voice-based digital assistants (for brevity, we term them as \u2018digital assistants\u2019 in this paper, unless otherwise specified) are getting increasingly popular in the household to automate digital routines. Hence, with communal usage of digital assistants in the household, children can gain access to content through digital assistants that are intended for adult audiences and parents are concerned about such risks. To this end, we created a low-fidelity prototype with designs of existing Google\u2019s parental control for Google Assistant (termed as baseline), along with our features deriving from prior literature (termed as treatment). Then, we conducted a semi-structured interview with 7 parents to understand their perceptions, needs, and expectations surrounding parental control within digital assistants. As reflected in our results, digital assistants can play different roles in stimulating open communication between parents and children, augmenting parenting responsibilities to induce self-regulation and impulse control in children, and setting boundaries with granularity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Examining Race in Healthcare-Focused HCI Research<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Devon Roe,Megh Marathe<\/p>\n\n\n\n The human-computer interaction community has a long tradition of conducting research in healthcare settings. We conducted a systematic review of how race is defined and discussed in healthcare-focused HCI research. Beginning with an initial set of 514 articles drawn from two major HCI venues, we applied exclusion criteria resulting in a data set of 29 articles. We found considerable variation in definitions of race across articles, with some focusing on physical appearances, others on sociocultural differences, and still others not providing any explicit definition of race. This variation was further reflected in the method used to identify participants race and the level of specificity used in categorizing participants\u2019 race and ethnicity. Additionally, many articles engagement with race and racial disparities in minor ways, with some articles proposing racial equity as an avenue for future work without attending to race in their current investigation. Finally, we found that most articles studied patients and end users, leaving unexamined the practices and perspectives of healthcare practitioners and institutions. We conclude with suggestions advocating greater clarity and consciousness around race, racism, and racial disparities in healthcare focused HCI research.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Avatar Customization, Personality, and the Perception of Work Group Inclusion in Immersive Virtual Reality<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Lauren Buck,Gareth W. Young,Rachel McDonnell<\/p>\n\n\n\n Virtual reality (VR) has experienced exponential growth in attention in the past five years. Many see it as a new communication mechanism through which people can come together in a way they have never been able to via traditional online interfaces. However, much is still unknown about how VR may affect how groups of users communicate. In this work, we present preliminary findings on how avatars, the customization choices users make to create them, and user perception of them may affect feelings of work group inclusion. We study this in the context of a formal classroom setting with work groups comprised of students. Avatars are known to transform user perception and behavior in virtual environments \u2013 both immersive and non-immersive \u2013 and can dictate the way social interactions play out in these scenarios. We produce results that align with this paradigm, showing that elements of work group inclusion are different between the physical world and VR, and that customization choices and user perceptions of avatars may shape the perception of inclusion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Perceptions of Mental Health Crisis among U.S. Military Veteran Peer Mentors and Potential of Mobile-Based Peer-Support Interventions<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Md Romael Haque,Zeno Franco,Md Fitrat Hossain,Wylie Frydrychowicz,Praveen Madiraju,Natalie D Baker,Katinka Hooyer,Sheikh Iqbal Ahamed,Otis Winstead,Robert Curry,Sabirat Rubya<\/p>\n\n\n\n U.S. military veterans face an elevated risk of suicide or exhibiting suicidal behaviors. Peer-support interventions have proven to be effective for veterans because of their shared experience and community. However, as veterans might face a mental health crisis at any time, it is crucial that the mentors can identify their peers\u2019 crisis warning signs early enough. Mobile technology has the potential to facilitate and improve peer-to-peer communication. Gaining an understanding of how the veteran community perceives crisis symptoms, as well as their values and technological needs, bears utmost importance in creating any tool or adopting any strategy. Hence, we conducted a mixed-methods study with twelve peer mentor military veterans. Our research offers an in-depth understanding of the nuanced conceptions of mentor veterans about early warning signals and acute mental health crisis symptoms, as well as aspects of technology that may aid this community in recognizing and managing these symptoms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n When Gestures and Words Synchronize: Exploring A Human Lecturer’s Multimodal Interaction for the Design of Embodied Pedagogical Agents<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Lai Wei,Kenny K. N. Chow<\/p>\n\n\n\n Embodied Pedagogical Agents (EPAs) possess significant potential for using multimodal interactions to effectively convey social and educational information. While previous studies have examined the impact of EPAs on learning performance, the incorporation of meaningful gestures into EPAs remains relatively unexplored. This study employs a case study approach and systemic functional-multimodal discourse analysis to investigate the multimodal interactions of a human lecturer during teaching and explores the relationship between in-class meaningful gestures and corresponding words. We analyze the alignment between gestures, words, and contextual meanings, with a specific focus on personal pronouns, adjectives, adverbs, and verbs. The findings contribute to the understanding of lecturers’ multimodal orchestration in classroom settings. Additionally, we provide a preliminary design guideline for EPAs that integrates meaningful word-synchronized gestures, using multimodal information to enhance students’ embodied learning experiences. This research contributes to the advancement of embodied pedagogical agent design and the broader field of multimodal interaction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Teens on Tech: Using an Asynchronous Remote Community to Explore Adolescents’ Online Safety Perspectives<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Naulsberry Jean Baptiste,Jinkyung Park,Neeraj Chatlani,Naima Samreen Ali,Pamela J. Wisniewski<\/p>\n\n\n\n As part of a Youth Advisory Board of teens (YAB), a longitudinal and interactive program to engage with teens for adolescent online safety research, we used an Asynchronous Remote Community (ARC) method with seven teens to explore their social media usage and perspectives on privacy on social media. There was a spectrum of privacy levels in our teen participants\u2019 preferred social media platforms and preferences varied depending on their user goals such as content viewing and socializing. They recognized privacy risks they could encounter on social media, hence, actively used privacy features afforded by platforms to stay safe while meeting their goals. In addition, our teen participants designed solutions that can aid users to exercise more granular control over determining what information on their accounts is to be shared with which groups of users. Our findings highlight the need to ensure researchers and social media developers work with teens to provide teen-centric solutions for safer experiences on social media.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Plug and Play Conversations: The Micro-Conversation Scheme for Modular Development of Hybrid Conversational Agent<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Xin Sun,Emiel Krahmer,Jan De Wit,Reinout Wiers,Jos A. Bosch<\/p>\n\n\n\n Conversational agents (CAs) for psychotherapy pose unique challenges (e.g., reliance on domain experts to pre-script large amounts of therapeutical dialogues). To tackle these challenges, we propose a modular approach to develop such CA, called Micro-Conversation Scheme (MCS). Conversations can be algorithmically extended in MCS by combining different micro-conversations (MC), which isolate single therapeutical topic. The sequencing of MC is managed by a Connector component, connecting MC into longer conversations with context. Additionally, MCS integrates natural language generation (NLG) models as plugins for generating counseling-style utterances (e.g., reflections). Moreover, MCS adopts interactive learning to continuously improve CA based on human feedback. MCS provides a solution to the challenges of complex-to-design and difficult-to-extend conversations, and inability of CA to flexibly generate context-appropriate counseling-style utterances for psychotherapy. MCS is expected to benefit the community by promoting the collaboration between conversational designers and developers while preserve their independence during the development of CAs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n More Than a Wife and a Mom: A Study of Mom Vlogging Practices in China<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Zhixuan Zhou,Bohui Shen,Franziska Zimmer,Chuanli Xia,Xin Tong<\/p>\n\n\n\n Mom vloggers are stay-at-home moms who record and share their daily life through short videos. In this exploratory study, we aspire to understand mom vloggers\u2019 motivations, practices, and challenges. Our mixed-methods inspection contained interviews with 4 mom vloggers in China and a content analysis of mom vlogs of 5 other mom vloggers. Mom vloggers\u2019 primary motivations are to make money, record daily life, and seek their individual identities and values, well meeting their financial and social needs after leaving their paid employment. When creating vlog content, mom vloggers encounter various challenges, such as a lack of video visibility, being stretched by both intensive motherhood and heavy digital work, privacy and self-presentation concerns, and so on. Based on the findings, we propose design implications toward resolving these challenges and benefiting mom vloggers\u2019 experiences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Towards Understanding Substance Abuse Misinformation in YouTube Videos<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Shuo Niu,Kathleen Palm Reed<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trigger warning: texts and figures contain substance abuse, addiction, and mental illness<\/p>\n\n\n\n YouTube is increasingly being utilized to acquire information about substance addiction and treatment experiences. However, the questionable quality and reliability of health information in addiction-related videos can concern help seekers and may potentially mislead some patients in managing addiction and seeking treatments. This poster presents our preliminary findings on the creators of addiction-related videos and the types of misinformation they may disseminate. We discovered that these creators often present inaccurate information and knowledge, offer advice based on personal experiences, display triggering content, and understate the difficulty of recovery. These preliminary findings will guide our future analysis of addiction misinformation within a more extensive set of YouTube videos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nudging for Online Misinformation: a Design Inquiry<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Loukas Konstantinou,Evangelos Karapanos<\/p>\n\n\n\n The use of technology to combat online misinformation is becoming a prominent topic of research and practice, yet most of the existing solutions do not consider the impact of cognitive biases in misinformation-related decision-making. Addressing this gap, the present paper explores the potential of nudging to inform the design of technological interventions that combat misinformation. We report on a design workshop with 29 participants, who were asked to conceive technology-mediated nudges for misinformation with the use of the “Nudge Deck”, a design-support tool that presents 23 interaction design mechanisms for nudging.<\/p>\n\n\n\n SleepyFlora: Supporting Sleep Sharing and Augmentation over a Distance for Social Bonding across Time Zones<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Zhuying Li,Si Cheng,Zhenhuan Chen,Xin Sun,Jiatong Li,Ding Ding<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sleep plays a significant role in our health and well-being. We can see an increasing amount of work in HCI exploring the design for better sleep. However, most of these works only focus on sleep tracking and reminding. The social perspective of sleep is rarely explored. We believe that sleep is tightly associated with social connection and intimacy. This work explores how sleep sharing can facilitate social bonding over a distance. We present SleepyFlora, an interactive system that enables a user to know the other user\u2019s real-time sleep stages via a flower-shaped installation and augment their sleep by sending soothing aromas and playing music remotely. With SleepyFlora, we hope to further the understanding of interaction design around sleep by considering its social perspective. Moreover, we hope our work can provide a novel approach, i.e, enabling sleep sharing, for facilitating social bonding over a distance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n ‘You are finally Home’: Centering Playful Marginalized Community Values in Designing Online Social Platforms<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Kritika Kritika,Kathryn E. Ringland<\/p>\n\n\n\n Social platforms possess great capabilities for supporting marginalized communities. However, they often become responsible for extending and amplifying similar hate and prejudice the communities face outside these spaces. We focus our research efforts on BTS ARMY, a playful community often misunderstood, and subject to discrimination due to the majority of members identifying as both women and racially diverse. We adopt a value-sensitive approach to unearth BTS ARMY\u2019s values and study their manifestations on social platforms from a survey on social media platforms. Through inductive qualitative coding methods, fundamental values were identified: Respect, Love, and Community. In this work, we center this community\u2019s values and experiences and present provocations prompting readers to re-think designing online social spaces for playful marginalized communities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Mastodon Rules: Characterizing Formal Rules on Popular Mastodon Instances<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Matthew N. Nicholson,Brian C Keegan,Casey Fiesler<\/p>\n\n\n\n Federated social networking is an increasingly popular alternative to more traditional, centralized forms. Yet, this federated arrangement can lead to dramatically different experiences across the network. Using a sample of the most popular instances on the federated social network Mastodon, we characterize the types of rules present in this emerging space. We then compare these rules to those on Reddit, as an example of a different, less centralized space. Rules on Mastodon often pay particular attention to issues of harassment and hate \u2014 strongly reflecting the spirit of the Mastodon Covenant. We speculate that these rules may have emerged in response to problems of other platforms, and reflect a lack of support for instance maintainers. With this work, we call for the development of additional instance-level governance and technical scaffolding, and raise questions for future work into the development, values, and value tensions present in the broader federated social networking landscape.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The Opportunity Cost: Using a Narrative Approach to Reframe Pro-equity Urban Informatics<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Andrew Hamann,Roderic Crooks<\/p>\n\n\n\n This paper is an exploration of storytelling in an urban data dashboard. We follow two frameworks to describe the narrative elements (characters, spatial dimension, sequentiality & temporality, and tellability) of the dashboard. This narrative analysis allows us to characterize the narrative work that urban dashboards do, enabling the interpretation that produces meaning from data. Given the duality of data and data visualization and their primacy in both directing and critiquing racialized state power, this poster argues that understanding narrative is vital to determining how, when, and why particular kinds of data visualizations might serve authentic community-defined political goals and when they do not. We aim to start a line of inquiry into how analytic attention to narrative in data visualization can support political change through agonistic data practices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Understanding the Challenges in Academia to Prepare Nursing Students for Digital Technology Use at Workplace<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Ankit Shrestha,Prakriti Dumaru,Rizu Paudel,Mahdi Nasrullah Al-Ameen<\/p>\n\n\n\n Digital technology has transformed workplaces in recent years. The technology adoption in medical institutions has challenged nurses to evolve in using complex digital systems. However, academic institutions often fail to keep up with the rapid changes in professional practice in preparing their students. To this end, we conducted semi-structured interviews with five nursing faculties in the USA. In our study, we examined the current status of digital technology and privacy education, and identified the challenges in adequately preparing nursing students to embrace and adapt to the changes in digital technology use at healthcare organizations. Overall, our findings provide valuable insights for the CSCW community to better understand the challenges in academia, in order to mitigate the gap between academic preparation and professional needs of nurses in using digital technologies. Based on our findings, we provide recommendations to address these issues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Understanding Satisfaction Factors of Personalized Body-weight Exercises<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Hong Yoon Kim,Dong Young Lim,Seokwoo Song<\/p>\n\n\n\n COVID-19 has accelerated mobile body-weight fitness services, enabling users to work out at home. Many body-weight exercise recommendation services, claiming to provide advanced personalization using AI technology, have been released. Given that most of these fitness services are self-paced, users\u2019 satisfaction with personalized exercises would greatly influence their commitment and engagement with the service. However, users\u2019 expectations of AI-generated workouts consisting of various body-weight movements have yet to be explored within the HCI community. In this paper, we conducted a Wizard-of-Oz experiment for two weeks with 12 participants to investigate users\u2019 expectations of AI-generated body-weight exercises. Our results show that users expect the personalized system to match their preferred intensity and movement diversity while filtering out movements beyond their capability. We also propose design implications based on the findings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Supporting from the Background: How a Mobile Application for Parent Skills Development Encourages Authoritative Parenting<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Rebecca M. Jonas,Benjamin V. Hanrahan,Carlie J. Sloan,Gregory M. Fosco<\/p>\n\n\n\n In this paper, we describe initial findings of a usability evaluation of a mobile parenting app for families with adolescents. We designed and built a mobile app to support healthy family dynamics through behavioral parent management and skills development, intended to serve as an accessible alternative to traditional intervention programs. We conducted semi-structured interviews and usability evaluations of our app with seven families with adolescents. Interviews centered around modules in the app for planning and maintaining adolescents\u2019 morning routine and monitoring adolescents\u2019 activities and whereabouts. While the app was not designed to support a specific parenting style, findings demonstrated the app\u2019s potential to encourage authoritative parenting by balancing adolescent autonomy with parental support and monitoring. By modeling parental monitoring around communication-based information solicitation and disclosure rather than tracking and surveillance, we also found that the app could help to diffuse parent-adolescent conflict and tension.<\/p>\n\n\n\n “\\”Headlines rarely soothe nerves\u201d: An Analysis of News Coverage of Social Media Mental Health Research”<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Faye Kollig,Casey Fiesler<\/p>\n\n\n\n “Is social media causing childhood depression?” Questions posed in headlines like these about the impact of social media on mental health have been the subject of significant research and media attention. Knowledge about scholarly work for the general public, as well as legislators and others with the power to effect change, is often mediated by journalists and the decisions they make about how to report on research, and as one such news article put it, “headlines rarely soothe nerves.” This analysis of 118 news articles about social media mental health research from 2018 to 2023 explores patterns in how research is generally framed, as well as how its methodology, findings, and recommendations are portrayed in the media. We include provocations to the research community on how the patterns we identify might inform the public\u2019s view on this topic, and considerations for how they might also improve our own reporting of research.<\/p>\n\n\n\n How to Ethically Engage Fat People in HCI Research<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Blakeley H. Payne,Jordan Taylor,Katta Spiel,Casey Fiesler<\/p>\n\n\n\n How we research and represent people and communities that may be marginalized or vulnerable is a highly relevant question for our research practices. One particular group that has received some recent attention from HCI and CSCW researchers is fat people and, relatedly, anti-fatness. However, more work is needed to understand how to ethically engage in research with fat people\u2013for example, in studying online communities or designing technology. Toward this goal, we provide a brief introduction to fat people, fat activism, and fat oppression so researchers may understand the social, political, and historical landscape in which research with and about fat people takes place. Based on empirical findings from an interview study, we then provide recommendations for researchers wishing to engage fat people in future research.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Body Crumple, Sound Intrusion, and Embodiment Violation: Toward a Framework for Miscommunication in VR<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Daniel Akselrad,Cyan DeVeaux,Eugy Han,Mark Roman Miller,Jeremy N. Bailenson<\/p>\n\n\n\n The advent of widely-accessible VR has enabled individuals to communicate\u2014and miscommunicate\u2014in new ways. To explore these miscommunications, we introduce a preliminary framework based on events that occurred during 3600 minutes of observation inside a university course taught in VR. During the course, 250 people met in groups for about 20 minutes per session. We identify three types of miscommunication that routinely occurred: body crumple, sound intrusion, and embodiment violation. By mapping the affordances by which social VR fails to facilitate effective communication, we hope to provide educators, developers, and virtual ethnographers with a means for understanding and navigating the challenges of VR-based collaboration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Prototyping Kodi: Defining Design Requirements to Develop a Virtual Chat-bot for Autistic Children and Their Caregivers<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Narayan Ghiotti,David Clulow,Serene Cheon,Kevin Cui,Hyo Kang<\/p>\n\n\n\n Autistic children\u2019s emotional meltdown is a common challenge faced by their caregivers, including their teachers and families. Communicating their problems can be extremely challenging for many autistic children, making it difficult for caregivers to identify the triggers of these meltdowns. Previous studies have revealed that autistic children find it easier to communicate with non-human objects, such as comfort dolls or social robots. In light of this, we have designed Kodi, a mobile virtual conversational agent aimed at bridging the communication gap between autistic children and their caregivers during distressing situations. Kodi\u2019s appearance can be personalized to match the child\u2019s favorite characters, such as a bunny or a dinosaur. To provide additional comfort, Kodi comes with furry phone cases that offer haptic stimulation. When the child faces stressful situations, caregivers can prompt Kodi on children\u2019s mobile device, allowing the child to express their emotions with various input modalities (emojis, text, voice) and listen to soothing stories. Caregivers can tailor these stories to suit each child\u2019s unique needs. Furthermore, Kodi will employ keyword analysis to summarize conversations, identify potential triggers for emotional meltdowns (e.g., loud noises in a shopping mall, unexpected changes at school), and alert caregivers of potential problems, such as bullying. The data collected through Kodi holds the potential to be leveraged for predicting emotional meltdowns using machine learning techniques. This paper discusses the implications of the Kodi platform and outlines future research directions in this area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Together we turn Uncertainty into Action: Understanding the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Supporting the Financial Concerns of Older Adults<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Yubin Choi,Dasom Choi,Hwajung Hong<\/p>\n\n\n\n Artificial Intelligence (AI) advancements have transformed digital banking by offering services such as personalized recommendations and interactive chatbots. However, only some AI systems target older adult users, given their relatively low usage of digital banking. Conversely, older adults may benefit the most from AI as handling finances becomes increasingly crucial after retirement. Our paper aims to fill this gap by 1) understanding the everyday financial concerns of older adults near retirement age and 2) exploring interests and needs in AI supporting their financial concerns. To understand the perspectives of older adults regarding the support of financial needs with AI, we conducted co-design workshops with 14 older adults. Our findings revealed three key concerns: retirement planning, grown children\u2019s education and marriage expenses, and family healthcare costs. Also, participants were willing to use AI to glean the financial information they lacked and grow self-efficacy. Finally, we discuss the design opportunities of using AI to support older adults\u2019 financial decisions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Affective Affordance of Message Balloon Animations: An Early Exploration of AniBalloons<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Pengcheng An,Chaoyu Zhang,Haichen Gao,Ziqi Zhou,Linghao Du,Che Yan,Yage Xiao,Jian Zhao<\/p>\n\n\n\n We introduce the preliminary exploration of AniBalloons, a novel form of chat balloon animations aimed at enriching nonverbal affective expression in text-based communications. AniBalloons were designed using extracted motion patterns from affective animations and mapped to six commonly communicated emotions. An evaluation study with 40 participants assessed their effectiveness in conveying intended emotions and their perceived emotional properties. The results showed that 80% of the animations effectively conveyed the intended emotions. AniBalloons covered a broad range of emotional parameters, comparable to frequently used emojis, offering potential for a wide array of affective expression in daily communication. The findings suggest AniBalloons\u2019 promise for enhancing emotional expressiveness in text-based communication and provide early insights for future affective design.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ambiguity for Social Self-tracking Practices: Exploring an Emerging Design Space<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Chiara Di Lodovico,Sara Colombo,Amon Rapp<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ambiguity is gaining attention in self-tracking research as a means to go beyond the mere quantification of body signals. Recent research has suggested that ambiguity can be used even to enable social connection mediated by personal data. To explore this design space more widely, we organized two design workshops with a total of 67 participants. In this paper, we present three design concepts, as outcomes of the workshops, which use ambiguity to enable social self-tracking practices. We then discuss how these concepts demonstrate the potential of ambiguity to encourage collective sense-making, directly impact the user\u2019s social relationships, and offer multifaceted perspectives on reality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n #Pragmatic or #Clinical: Analyzing TikTok Mental Health Videos<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Alice Qian Zhang,Ashlee Milton,Stevie Chancellor<\/p>\n\n\n\n As mental health content on platforms like TikTok increases steeply, it is important for us to characterize and understand how it is shared. Unfortunately, there are no precise mechanisms for identifying different types of mental health content or for users to indicate content preferences. Expanding on prior work and a qualitative typology we discovered, we present a preliminary exploration of features from 169 hand-labeled videos from a dataset of 19,000+ videos related to clinical and pragmatic mental health content. Our findings provide opportunities for future advancements in moderating mental health content and personalizing users\u2019 interactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n VR Job Interview Using a Gender-Swapped Avatar<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Jieun Kim,Hauke Sandhaus,Susan R. Fussell<\/p>\n\n\n\n Virtual Reality (VR) has emerged as a potential solution for mitigating bias in a job interview by hiding the applicants\u2019 demographic features. The current study examines the use of a gender-swapped avatar in a virtual job interview that affects the applicants\u2019 perceptions and their performance evaluated by recruiters. With a mixed-method approach, we first conducted a lab experiment (N=8) exploring how using a gender-swapped avatar in a virtual job interview impacts perceived anxiety, confidence, competence, and ability to perform. Then, a semi-structured interview investigated the participants\u2019 VR interview experiences using an avatar. Our findings suggest that using gender-swapped avatars may reduce the anxiety that job applicants will experience during the interview. Also, the affinity diagram produced seven key themes highlighting the advantages and limitations of VR as an interview platform. These findings contribute to the emerging field of VR-based recruitment and have practical implications for promoting diversity and inclusion in the hiring process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Invisible Coordination Work: Field Stations as Scientific Caregivers<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Erin Robinson,Leysia Palen<\/p>\n\n\n\n Field stations are an important part of the global scientific research infrastructure providing access and logistical support that makes scientific contributions across domains from ecology to archeology possible. There are over 1000 field stations worldwide. However, little attention has been given to the cooperative work at field stations or how computer-supported cooperative work could benefit this cooperation. We conducted six ethnographic interviews from August 2022 through October 2022 with staff representing six field stations. The interviews made visible the articulation and coordination work needed for scientific caregiving that field stations do before, during, and after research teams do research at the site. This poster represents a portion of preliminary work in a larger study on cooperative work at field stations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Can Password Meter be More Effective Towards User Attention, Engagement, and Attachment?: A Study of Metaphor-based Designs<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Arezou Behfar,Hanieh Atashpanjeh,Mahdi Nasrullah Al-Ameen<\/p>\n\n\n\n Password meter offers feedback on users\u2019 password strength, with a goal of protecting against security breaches. In this study, we aimed at understanding the potential of leveraging metaphor in password meter design to grab user attention, keep them engaged with the interface, and make them feel connected with the design. To this end, we created four metaphor-based designs (treatment conditions) and compared them with a control condition representing a typical password meter. The findings from our between-subject study with 130 participants, conducted over Amazon Mechanical Turk, provide valuable insights into the opportunities of metaphor-based password meter design. Our study unpacks the role of aesthetic in password meter design, as well as how user engagement contributes to their focus on password strength. We suggest future studies to further explore, refine, and evaluate metaphor-based design choices towards helping users with security decisions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Are You Anonymous? Inferring Personal Information from Nonverbal Behavior Data Tracked in Immersive Virtual Reality<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Yeonju Jang,Jose A. Guridi,Daniel Molitor,Rachel Kwon,Sneha Nagarajan<\/p>\n\n\n\n The growing adoption of virtual reality (VR) technology has raised concerns regarding individuals\u2019 privacy. We explored people\u2019s ability to infer personal information about others from representations of nonverbal behavior data tracked in VR. We conducted a within-subject experiment with 53 participants to explore if they could guess personal information from gestures, spatial behavior, and a combination of both represented through neutral avatars in VR. We found that participants could not guess better than random for most features, except for age and native English speaker status. Furthermore, there were almost no differences between the various types of behavior, except for native English speaker status. We discuss how our results contradict previous research on people\u2019s identification from nonverbal behavior. Our study is the first to address people\u2019s ability to infer other people\u2019s information from nonverbal behavior in VR.<\/p>\n\n\n\n How Small Businesses Transform PDF Agreements into Action<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Jianna So,Nedim Lipka,Alexa F. Siu,Ryan Rossi,Franck Dernoncourt<\/p>\n\n\n\n A legal agreement is a type of procedural document that describes the steps that parties must take to fulfill legal obligations. Following these steps requires human interpretation, which is often inefficient and error prone. For a Small to Medium Sized Business (SMB), this process is laborious. We conduct an interview study to understand how information in PDF agreements is currently understood, processed, and acted upon by SMB employees working in small teams of non-domain experts. Through qualitative analysis and a text highlighting activity, we observe knowledge transfer workflows in SMBs and propose design principles for using AI-extracted information to create actionable documents that address gaps in efficiency, understanding, and agency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n A Pilot Study on People’s Views of Gratitude Practices and Reactions to Expressing Gratitude in an Online Community<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Bridget Ho,Kehua Lei,Jonathan Xuan He,Reina Itakura,Kathleen Lum,David Lee<\/p>\n\n\n\n Online communities play an increasingly important role in forming and maintaining relationships, but have also been criticized for their negative effects such as decreased mental well-being, reduced in-person social connections, and the spread of misinformation. This works-in-progress paper describes formative work towards designing online communities centered on gratitude, in which we elicited views on gratitude and on expressing gratitude within online communities. We found that people have unique views of and contexts for gratitude and discussed how the unique views and contexts relate to concerns they have around expressing gratitude in an online community. We describe plans for a follow-up study to better understand people\u2019s views on expressing gratitude in an online community through the use of Gratitude, a simple online communal gratitude platform where users interact in ways similar to many online communities, through creating short posts (e.g., notes of gratitude) that other members can browse, react to, and comment on.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Perspectives from Naive Participants and Experienced Social Science Researchers on Addressing Embodiment in a Virtual Cyberball Task<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Tao Long,Swati Pandita,Andrea Stevenson Won<\/p>\n\n\n\n We describe the design of an immersive virtual Cyberball task that included avatar customization, and user feedback on this design. We first created a prototype of an avatar customization template and added it to a Cyberball prototype built in the Unity3D game engine. Then, we conducted in-depth user testing and feedback sessions with 15 Cyberball stakeholders: five naive participants with no prior knowledge of Cyberball and ten experienced researchers with extensive experience using the Cyberball paradigm. We report the divergent perspectives of the two groups on the following design insights; designing for intuitive use, inclusivity, and realistic experiences versus minimalism. Participant responses shed light on how system design problems may contribute to or perpetuate negative experiences when customizing avatars. They also demonstrate the value of considering multiple stakeholders\u2019 feedback in the design process for virtual reality, presenting a more comprehensive view in designing future Cyberball prototypes and interactive systems for social science research.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Animal Narratives and Emotional Resonance in #ClimateChange Discourse on Social Media: A Qualitative Content Analysis<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Daniela M. Markazi,Rachel M. Magee<\/p>\n\n\n\n Teens, who are online almost constantly, engage with climate change posts on social media. We present the findings of a qualitative content analysis of the most popular climate change posts (tagged with #ClimateChange) on Instagram, TikTok, and Twitter. Over four weeks in Spring 2022, we collected the top five weekly posts (n = 60) to understand how they address animals and emotions and relate to teens\u2019 perceptions of climate change online based on prior survey work with 100 American teens. Our research reveals that more than a quarter (26.7%) of all analyzed posts relate to animals, and many (87.5%) employ negative language when discussing animals. We offer recommendations to enhance online climate change communication for teens, foster pro-environmental behaviors, attitudes, and activism, and study social media discourse across platforms. We highlight the need for further research on youth, climate change, and social media.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Robotic Systems in Heritage Protection: An Anti-Fatigue Human-Robot Collaboration Exploration for Heritage Painting and Calligraphy Restoration<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Linyi Liu,Siqi Yang,Yixue Wang,Zhengtao Ma,Le Fang,Yonghao Long,Stephen Jia Wang<\/p>\n\n\n\n The heritage restoration of paintings and calligraphy is a labour-intensive process, characterised by repetitive, low-intensity, and high-precision. Two core steps, \u201clift up the previous\u201d and \u201cfix and maintain\u201d, can lead to muscle fatigue in the upper limbs. In this paper, we develop a human-in-the-loop based human-robot collaboration system that provides real-time force feedback to restorers based on their muscle load and motion intention, with the support strength changing to relieve fatigue. Different robot-aided positions on human arm are explored and a two-point elbow-supporting mechanism is evaluated as the optimal solution. Moreover, a novel muscle load calculation model is developed to integrate human factors into the HRC system with electromyography. The results of a usability experiment show the effectiveness of the proposed method in addressing the current anti-fatigue challenge in heritage paintings and calligraphy restoration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Visualizing the Carbon Intensity of Machine Learning Inference for Image Analysis on TensorFlow Hub<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Taewon Yoo,Hyunmin Lee,SeungYoung Oh,Hyosun Kwon,Hyunggu Jung<\/p>\n\n\n\n The increasing performance of machine learning (ML) models necessitates greater computing resources, contributing to rising carbon intensity in ML computing and raising concerns about computational equity. Previous studies focused on developing tools that enable model developers to view the carbon intensity of the ML models in the training process. Still, little is known about how to support ML developers in online communities to explore the carbon intensity of ML models during inference. We developed MIEV, a model inference emission visualizer, that supports ML developers on TensorFlow Hub to explore the carbon intensity of image domain models during the model Inference phase. We also provide insights into designing technologies that promote collaborative work among ML developers to drive sustainable AI development processes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to interactively visualize the carbon intensity of ML models in online communities during the Inference phase.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Toward Value Scenario Generation Through Large Language Models<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Hyunggu Jung,Woosuk Seo,Seokwoo Song,Sungmin Na<\/p>\n\n\n\n We propose a method of generating value scenarios for design research by leveraging ChatGPT, an AI-powered chatbot based on large language models. Identifying the needs of a vulnerable population, such as North Korean defectors, is challenging for researchers. To address this, we introduce ChatGPT-generated value scenarios, an extension of scenario-based design that supports critical, systemic, long-term thinking in current design practice, technology development, and deployment. Using our proposed method, we created a prompt to generate value scenarios on ChatGPT. Based on our analysis of the generated scenarios, we identified that ChatGPT could generate plausible information about Value Implications. However, it lacks details on Pervasiveness and Systemic Effects. After discussing the limitations and opportunities of ChatGPT in generating value scenarios, we conclude with suggestions for how ChatGPT might be better used to generate value scenarios.<\/p>\n\n\n\n How People Initiate and Respond to Discussions Around Online Community Norms: A Preliminary Analysis on Meta Stack Overflow Discussions<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Jingchao Fang,Jia-Wei Liang,Hao-Chuan Wang<\/p>\n\n\n\n Supporting norms-related discussions can aid people in understanding and abiding by ambiguous norms in large-scale online communities. Yet, how social and linguistic factors, such as the identities of interlocutors and the language framing of posts, can influence discussions around norms, is underexplored. In this work, we performed a preliminary analysis based on a dataset containing 123 question threads on Meta Stack Overflow, a site for discussions of the workings and policies of Stack Overflow, to understand how people initiate and respond to norms-related discussions. Results revealed that question posts with different levels of personal relatedness and question specificity have significantly different sentiments, and they also draw comments with diverged sentiments. We present implications and directions of future work based on our findings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Femtech Data Privacy post-Dobbs: A Preliminary Analysis of User Reactions<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Nidhi Nellore,Michael Zimmer<\/p>\n\n\n\n Femtech entails a growing category of digital tools and services\u2014 including mobile apps, wearables, and internet-connected devices\u2014 designed to help women track their personal, reproductive, and sexual health. Entrusted by millions of users to track menstrual cycles, ovulation windows, and plan or prevent pregnancies, these apps collect large amounts of deeply personal data. In the U.S., femtech\u2014and how it collects, stores, and discloses data\u2014is largely unregulated, and users are left to trust the policies and promises made by femtech providers to protect their privacy. In light of the recent U.S. Supreme Court decision overturning the constitutional right to abortion, many femtech users are now worried that their personal health data could be used against them in criminal and civil proceedings. In this poster, we provide preliminary findings of whether user concerns over data privacy have changed since the Dobbs decision in June 2022, through a thematic and sentiment analysis of user reviews of femtech apps in the Apple App Store and the Google Play Store. We then point to ways femtech platforms could address such concerns through privacy-by-design and changes to privacy policies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Design to Increase Social Interaction between Viewers of Dramas on OTT Platforms<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Kitae Kim,Nayoung Hong,Jiwon Park,Hajin Lim<\/p>\n\n\n\n In this paper, we examined the effect of Over-the-Top (OTT) media platforms on social interaction and the sense of connection among drama viewers. The findings from semi-structured interviews revealed that the personalized and asynchronous nature of OTT streaming could lead to reduced social communication opportunities before, during, and after drama-viewing experiences. In particular, participants expressed difficulties in finding companions to co-watch dramas, a lack of simultaneous emotional communication with others, and concerns about spoilers. To address these challenges, we proposed three solution ideas and evaluated them in follow-up interviews. Based on our findings, we discuss design implications for promoting social interaction between OTT drama viewers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Personal Objects as Design Materials: A Case Study of Co-Designing Safe Spaces With Young Adults<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Salma Elsayed-Ali,Elizabeth Bonsignore,Joel Chan<\/p>\n\n\n\n Design materials are often imposed on users in co-design. This can be problematic as the materials may not be relevant or useful to users\u2019 contexts or goals, or, at worst, could lead to alienation and exclusion. We propose an approach that shifts control of design materials to users, supporting them to select and utilize personal objects in the design process. We conducted a case study alongside a STEM education nonprofit based in Chicago to explore how 9 young adults brought in and engaged with personal objects in the co-design of a \u201cSafe Spaces\u201d event for peers. We found that the personal objects helped inform participants\u2019 designs, structure the conversation, and foster inclusion and common ground. We provide suggestions for how to support users bringing in and using personal objects as design materials.<\/p>\n\n\n\n I create, therefore I agree: Exploring the effect of AI anthropomorphism on human decision-making<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Nanyi Bi,Janet Yi-Ching Huang<\/p>\n\n\n\n Artificial intelligence (AI) has been widely adopted daily, and much academic effort has been directed to investigate the influencing factors of human acceptance and collaboration with it. Anthropomorphism can effectively foster positive evaluations of inanimate objects, and AI is no exception. The current study investigates how naming and personalizing an AI prototype\u2019s appearance affect the human decision in a recipe ingredient recommendation system and finds that people are more likely to accept AI\u2019s recommendation if they could name and customize its appearance than if they did not have the options.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The Synthesis Lab: Empowering Collaborative Learning in Higher Education through Knowledge Synthesis<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Xinran Zhu,Hong Shui,Bodong Chen<\/p>\n\n\n\n The ability to synthesize information has emerged as a critical skill for success across various fields. However, within the field of education, there is a lack of systematic understanding and well-defined design infrastructures that address the mechanisms and processes of knowledge synthesis in collaborative learning settings. In this poster, we introduce a design innovation \u2013 The Synthesis Lab, which aims to support students in synthesizing ideas from their online discussions in higher education classrooms. The tool offers structured work-spaces for students to decompose the synthesis process into intermediate synthesis products and features two key iterative processes of knowledge synthesis in collaborative settings: categorizing peers\u2019 ideas into conceptual building blocks and developing a synthesis of the discussions. Future implementation and evaluation of the design will make significant contributions to both research and practice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Co-Designing User Personas and Risk Scenarios for Evaluating Adolescent Online Safety Interventions<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Zainab Agha,Kelsey Miu,Sophia Piper,Jinkyung Park,Pamela J. Wisniewski<\/p>\n\n\n\n Adolescent online safety research has largely focused on designing interventions for teens, with few evaluations that provide effective online safety solutions. It is challenging to evaluate such solutions without simulating an environment that mimics teens online risks. To overcome this gap, we conducted focus groups with 14 teens to co-design realistic online risk scenarios and their associated user personas, which can be implemented for an ecologically valid evaluation of interventions. We found that teens considered the characteristics of the risky user to be important and designed personas to have traits that align with the risk type, were more believable and authentic, and attracted teens through materialistic content. Teens also redesigned the risky scenarios to be subtle in information breaching, harsher in cyberbullying, and convincing in tricking the teen. Overall, this work provides an in-depth understanding of the types of bad actors and risky scenarios teens design for realistic research experimentation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Weaving Autistic Voices on TikTok: Utilizing Co-Hashtag Networks for Netnography<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Yihe Wang,Kathryn E. Ringland<\/p>\n\n\n\n While many autistic creators are active on TikTok, sharing content about autism and their daily lives, there is little research to capture the richness of these discourses. In this study, we propose to augment netnography with co-hashtag networks to gain a broader perspective of the online discourse among autistic people while depicting detailed contexts. We analyzed the use of hashtags in 3752 publicly available TikTok videos from 41 autistic creators and conducted an in-depth analysis of 55 of the scraped videos to explore the content and expression of autistic creators on TikTok. The results demonstrate the individuality and advocacy of autistic creators, highlighting their intersectional identities and engagement in various communities beyond the autism community. We emphasize technologies embracing diversity to prevent marginalization and empower children with autism diagnosis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Online Freelancing on Digital Labor Platforms: A Scoping Review<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Pyeonghwa Kim,EunJeong Cheon,Steve Sawyer<\/p>\n\n\n\n Online freelancing, a type of contingent work conducted via digital labor platforms, has attracted increasing attention from scholars in the CSCW and cognate communities in recent years. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding in the research landscape regarding this phenomenon. To address this gap, we reviewed 86 papers published between 2017 and 2022 and presented the interim findings. The review followed a scoping method with a focus on three key aspects: research topics, conceptual framings, and methodological approaches. A thematic analysis reveals: 12 overarching research themes, with major focus placed on social inequality, freelancer wellbeing, and platformic management and control; 11 conceptual frameworks that primarily revolved around the worker, work, platform, and society; and qualitative methods emerged as the predominant approach in the methodological approach. Drawing from the preliminary findings, we present three implications for future research: (1) directing greater attention towards unexplored areas within the scholarship on online freelancing, (2) developing novel theoretical frameworks that are specifically tailored to the unique characteristics of platform-mediated freelance work, and (3) employing alternative research methods to holistically address the multifaceted nature of the online freelancing experience.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cI just see numbers, but how do you feel about your training?\u201d: Clinicians’ Data Needs in Telemonitoring for Colorectal Cancer Surgery Prehabilitation<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Irina Bianca Serban,Dimitra Dritsa,Israel Campero Jurado,Steven Houben,Aarnout Brombacher,David Ten Cate,Loes Janssen,Margot Heijmans<\/p>\n\n\n\n Prehabilitation for colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery is a multimodal lifestyle change program that prevents postoperative complications. While telemonitoring (TM) during prehabilitation is still in its infancy, this technology is currently being explored to build an understanding of patients\u2019 lifestyles outside the clinic. However, one prevalent design problem is fitting TM systems in clinicians\u2019 existing workflows without disrupting or creating more work. In this study, we investigate how data from a TM system tracking patient physical activity, sleep, and stress fit into the workflow of different prehabilitation clinical specialties. We present early findings from 4 workshops conducted with an oncological physiotherapist, a specialized nurse, a surgeon, and a research doctor interested in policy making. Findings show that: (i) there is a need for different decision-support system designs per specialty, (ii) clinicians\u2019 data needs can change over the program\u2019s timeline, and (iii) clinicians prefer to share the data with patients.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Post-Spotlight Posts: The Impact of Sudden Social Media Attention on Account Behavior<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Joseph S. Schafer,Kate Starbird<\/p>\n\n\n\n Within social media communities, sudden attention is a frequent phenomenon where a particular user receives a rapid onset of heightened engagement. Using a statistical analysis, we examine the impacts that this outsized attention has on the subsequent behavior of accounts who received sudden social media attention for Twitter posts in the early stages of the Covid-19 pandemic. We find that accounts that received sudden social media attention were more likely to post after receiving sudden social media attention, though this effect was not persistent and did not boost original content production. We also find that these accounts were significantly more likely to alter their self-presentation through updating their \u201cbio\u201d after receiving suddenly increased attention.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Evolution of Rules in Reddit Communities<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Harita Reddy,Eshwar Chandrasekharan<\/p>\n\n\n\n Reddit communities (subreddits) govern themselves through rules. Existing work does not study how rules change within a subreddit, and when different types of rules are added since subreddit creation. As current datasets lack information about subreddits\u2019 past rules, we present an approach to get all rules in the history of a subreddit using the Wayback Machine, and study rule trajectories within 496 subreddits. We find that at least 50% of the first rule additions occurred in less than a year from subreddit creation. Rules about civility and relevance are most common in the first rules. In contrast, rules that prohibit certain content are frequently added over time. Studying rule trajectories can help us answer whether early rule establishment helps with community success, improving key factors like user retention, norm compliance, and overall desirable behavior within the subreddit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sound of Care: Towards a Co-Operative AI Digital Pain Companion to Support People with Chronic Primary Pain<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Bleiz Macsen Del Sette,Dawn Carnes,Charalampos Saitis<\/p>\n\n\n\n This work investigates the role of sound and technology in the everyday lives of people with chronic primary pain. Our primary goal was to inform the first participatory design workshop of Sound of Care, a new eHealth system for pain self-management. We used an ethical stakeholder analysis to inform a round of exploratory interviews, run with 8 participants including people with chronic primary pain, carers, and healthcare workers. We found that sound and technology serve as important but often unstructured tool, helping with distraction, mood regulation and sleep. The experience of pain and musical preferences are highly personal, and communicating or understanding pain can be challenging, even within family members. To address the gaps in current chronic pain self-management care, we propose the use a sound-based AI-driven system, a Digital Pain Companion, using sonification to create a shared decision-making space, enhancing agency over treatment in a co-operative care environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Leveraging Social Media Analysis for Effective Water Management<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Khalid K. Osman,Florian Barbaro,Andy Skumanich<\/p>\n\n\n\n This article explores the potential of social media as a tool for water management. With the increasing challenges of climate change, droughts, and social inequities, the need for efficient water management is critical. However, social media is underutilized in this regard. The paper discusses the opportunities for social media to collect and disseminate information about water concerns and examines a data set of water utility tweets using AI and Machine Learning tools. The study concludes that social media is crucial for addressing global issues, and AI analytics can guide the effective use of social media for positive change.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bringing Emotions into Practice: A Framework for AI Design to Support Emotion Work<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Diva Smriti,Jina Huh-Yoo<\/p>\n\n\n\n Informal or family caregivers receive no professional training and are overburdened. The CSCW community has increasingly examined ways to support informal caregivers. However, the solutions have primarily focused on managing the negative emotions of informal caregivers. Informal caregivers go through a range of emotional experiences, which are often invisible to others. In this work, we aim to use the context of informal caregiving needs and experiences to understand how we can design future Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems for supporting emotion work. We conducted user studies and interviews to understand what informal caregivers perceive as emotion work in two caregiving contexts: parenting and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD). Based on the findings, we propose a framework for generating design requirements for AI systems that support emotion work. Our work contributes to how we can design AI to support people\u2019s practices that involve emotion work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n “\\”It doesn’t just feel like something a lawyer slapped together.\\”- Mental-Model-Based Privacy Policy for Third-Party Applications on Facebook”<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Rizu Paudel,Ankit Shrestha,Prakriti Dumaru,Mahdi Nasrullah Al-Ameen<\/p>\n\n\n\n Users are often unaware of the information that applications collect and are surprised by unexpected data collection and sharing practices. With numerous third-party applications on Facebook potentially accessing the personal information of billions of users, it is essential to understand users\u2019 mental models of data sharing to help them make informed decisions. To achieve this, we conducted semi-structured interviews using drawings and think-aloud protocol with 32 participants. Our participants had misconceptions regarding third-party applications\u2019 data sharing practices with varied mental models. Based on these findings, we created mental model-based privacy policy design that prompts users to consider a specific scenario and provides information to help them understand their misconceptions. To evaluate our designs, we then conducted an online study with 26 participants over Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk). Our results showed that using mental models helped users comprehend the message in the privacy policy, connect them to the design, and grabbed their attention. Finally, we offer recommendations for future research regarding the usage of mental models in designs to combat users\u2019 misconceptions with an effortless depiction of privacy policy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n “\\”I Don’t Need a Megaphone to Be Helpful\\”: Probing the Role of Technology in Pro-Choice Abortion Activism”<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Colin LeFevre,Aswati Panicker,Sitha Vallabhaneni,Nikhil Dinesh,Forum Modi,Katie Siek,Chia-Fang Chung<\/p>\n\n\n\n The legality of abortion in the United States of America is rapidly shifting, creating a nebulous, challenging context for pro-choice abortion activists. In this in-progress work, we align ourselves with pro-choice activism as “academic accomplices” and investigate the technological habits and needs of pro-choice activists in the conservative US state of Indiana. To date, we have conducted 14 design interviews with potential \/ current pro-choice activists in Bloomington, Indiana, and have designed a cultural probe to examine the role of technology in pro-choice activism. We aim to understand the challenges of pro-choice activism and opportunities for supportive technology.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Towards Human-Centred AI-Co-Creation: A Three-Level Framework for Effective Collaboration between Human and AI<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Mingyuan Zhang,Zhaolin Cheng,Sheung Ting Ramona Shiu,Jiacheng Liang,Cong Fang,Zhengtao Ma,Le Fang,Stephen Jia Wang<\/p>\n\n\n\n AI-based creativity-support systems are gaining attention from designers and researchers. However, a research gap exists on how to tailor those systems by maximizing flexibility based on human needs and preferences. This study proposes a schematic human-AI co-creation framework to maximize system flexibility and enhance creative outcome generation. The framework proposes the involvement of AI in three levels of creation and allows humans to adjust between the levels anytime during the creative process based on their preferences. We tentatively define how AI should collaborate at the three levels. To implement the framework, a co-creation system (GSM) was built to support humans in creating sculpture maquettes with AI. It includes three key components: a prompt-based generated model (DALL\u00b7E), advanced computer vision, and robotic arms. A user interface is provided to ensure transparency. Preliminary user studies have demonstrated that the system enhances flexibility and allows users to generate more creative maquettes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n A Proposal to Study Shoulder-Surfing Resistant Authentication for Augmented and Virtual Reality: Replication Study in the US<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Naheem Noah,Peter Mayer,Sanchari Das<\/p>\n\n\n\n In recent years, augmented and virtual reality (AR\/VR) technologies have advanced significantly, becoming more accessible and practical for various industries and applications. However, new digital threats have emerged as AR\/VR usage increases such as data exchange in shared spaces. Prior research on graphical authentication has proposed the Things scheme [21] and we plan to adapt this in the AR\/VR domain. The scheme in combination with the private display available to users in AR\/VR is resistant to shoulder-surfing attacks. Inspired by the work of Duezguen et al. [12], who conducted a user study applying the Things scheme in AR with 16 users in Germany, this short paper proposes a replication study that will implement the Things scheme in both AR and VR. We will recruit eligible participants for the in-lab study which will involve the use of HoloLens and Valve Index to test the Things scheme and we will evaluate the effectiveness of the scheme, the interaction modes for usability, and users\u2019 risk perception concerning security. Additionally, we will conduct a comparative analysis of cross-cultural disparities between the participants in Germany and in the USA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Correct Me If I Am Wrong: Exploring How AI Outputs Affect User Perception and Trust<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Jun Li Jeung,Janet Yi-Ching Huang<\/p>\n\n\n\n Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into our everyday practice. However, limited research has explored users\u2019 perceptions on AI outputs, especially for AI mistakes. Unexpected outputs from AI might lead to frustration and negative emotions. Thus, this work aims to investigate how AI outputs influence people\u2019s perceptions and experiences in their everyday practice, particularly when they are given the opportunity to correct AI mistakes. In this work, we developed an AI-powered system capable of recognizing six types of beverages based on a photo and generating a data report summarizing people\u2019s drinking behaviors. We conducted a study with 14 participants to understand user perception, experience and trust on AI predictions. Results showed that participants had higher trust on the system when given ability to modify AI outputs. Interestingly, incorrect predictions made by AI sparked people\u2019s curiosity, leading them to speculate on the underlying reasons behind the AI model.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Exploring Distributed Synthesis: In-Progress Findings from Guided Tours of Scholarly Knowledge Synthesis Work Practices with A Distributed Lens<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Siyi Zhu,Joel Chan<\/p>\n\n\n\n Synthesis \u2014 the construction of a new conceptual whole that advances understanding \u2014 is critical for research progress. Its current practice is also extremely laborious and costly. In this paper, we explore what fresh ideas CSCW might have to offer for making effective synthesis less painful and more commonplace. In particular, we draw on CSCW ideas around distributed sensemaking and integrated crowdsourcing to explore the idea of distributed synthesis: systems for sharing and reusing intermediate synthesis materials such as annotations and notes to kickstart and accelerate the synthesis process. We report in-progress findings from our analysis of in-depth guided tours of scholarly synthesis work practices, to bridge the gap between distributed sensemaking and integrated crowdsourcing (which has not yet been studied in the setting of scholarly synthesis) and scholarly synthesis workflows (which have not yet been analyzed from a distributed lens).<\/p>\n\n\n\n Leveraging Large Language Model as Support for Human Problem Solving: An Exploration of Its Appropriation and Impact<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Qingxiaoyang Zhu,Hao-Chuan Wang<\/p>\n\n\n\n The emergence of pre-trained Large Language Model (LLM) has opened up new possibilities for people to access language resources at their fingertips. Previously, patterns of language could be difficult to derive from large-scale documents, which impeded people from processing and extracting information contained within. Observations from common users\u2019 practices and experiences suggest that LLM may appear to possess certain capacities for processing, handling and working with not just human language, but also the associated knowledge. However, the original construction of LLM is essentially language-centric, which is not more than a probabilistic model representing and summarizing language patterns from large language corpora, without deliberately incorporating other types of data or information (e.g., user behaviors, domain concepts) into the model construction. Consequently, when using LLM in the real-world, it\u2019s not uncommon to appropriate and re-purpose an LLM for handling tasks that don\u2019t necessarily match what it\u2019s built for. In this poster, we present an exploratory study aimed at understanding how people interact with an LLM, chatGPT, to obtain instructions to work on a problem-solving task, installing Python on a remote computer. The results reveal that users\u2019 literacy and expectations concerning LLM can influence how they perceive and utilize it. Surprisingly, low-literacy participants with limited understanding of LLM appear to benefit more, producing implications for designing user-centric AI\/ML tools.<\/p>\n\n\n\n